lower back pain

When pain occurs in the lower back, a person's life can become miserable due to the immense discomfort it causes.At the same time, no one suffers from lower back pain at least once in their lifetime.Lower back pain can occur for many reasons and in different ways.In its presentation, the pain is sudden, increasing, and stabbing.However, there is one common denominator - if left untreated, the condition will get worse.

Causes of low back pain

The human spine experiences varying levels of stress every day, ranging from negligible to significant.At the same time, he is not always able to compensate for the load and distribute it over the surrounding tissues without damaging himself, so he suffers microtrauma.It is important to note that the lumbosacral spine is often overloaded.In addition, there are many other reasons that may be causing your lower back pain.This includes infections, genetics, organ damage, and more.

Why waist pain occurs (female reasons):

1. Inflammatory diseases manifest themselves as low back pain or develop complications that lead to this symptom:
   1. Vulvitis – inflammation of the external genitalia;
   2. Vaginitis – inflammation of the vaginal mucosa;
   3. adnexitis – inflammation of the uterine appendages;
2. During pregnancy, the load on the spine, especially on the lower back, is particularly increased.Generally, lower back pain stops after delivery.It should also be noted that pregnancy may promote the development of mature diseases;
3. abortion.This surgery can damage the lining of the endometrium, causing localized inflammation.In addition, abortion is associated with severe psychological distress;
4. Pain during menstruation, or in scientific language, menstrual pain.The menstrual cycle is a process related to hormonal changes in the body.It is also accompanied by rejection of the endometrial layer (lining of the uterus), causing blood loss and causing the uterus to contract violently to remove the "junk".This may cause pain in the stomach and lower back;
5. climax.Problems with hormonal balance in the body can lead to poor circulation to the organs in the pelvic area.As a result, bone density decreases and osteoporosis occurs;
6. suspicious.Although this quality is common to both men and women, in the vast majority of cases it is a female trait.
7. Larger breast size;
8. Wearing high heels and carrying heavy handbags can also cause lower back pain.

Why waist pain occurs (male causes):

1. prostatitis.Inflammation of the prostate sometimes causes lower back pain;
2. Epididymitis.Epididymal inflammation may be reflected by lower back discomfort;
3. Men age 50 and older have an increased risk of genital cancer.What could be the cause of low back pain?

Why waist pain occurs (common causes):

Low back pain can be caused by many pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.However, in addition to diseases affecting the spine (spondyloarthrosis, osteochondrosis, osteoporosis, osteomyelitis...) and injuries, there are many causes:

1. Skeletal abnormalities or defects: kyphosis, scoliosis, lordosis, spina bifida, wedge-shaped vertebrae, etc.It should be noted that in about 50% of cases, the cause of the defect is unknown, about 10% is due to environmental influences, about 19% is genetic, and the remainder is due to multiple factors.In most cases there is no treatment, sometimes surgical correction is possible;
2. appendicitis.Inflammation of the cecal worm-like appendix (appendix) can cause sudden, severe pain in the abdomen that can radiate to the waist;
3. cholecystitis.Lower back pain may be due to inflammation of the gallbladder;
4. Acute pancreatitis.Inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by pain in the lower back;
5. Cystitis.Inflammation of the bladder can cause discomfort in the pelvic area;
6. Because small bowel disease is close to nerve fibers in the lumbosacral region, it may cause pain in this area.Enteritis (gastroenteritis, enterocolitis, gastrointestinal enterocolitis), intestinal enzymosis, diverticular disease;
7. kidney.Low back pain often accompanies diseases of these organs.Pyelonephritis, renal prolapse, renal failure, urolithiasis, amyloidosis, lupus nephritis, etc.;
8. Being overweight increases the load on the spine and causes its progressive damage;
9. TB tissue damage;
10. ankylosing spondylitis;
11. Inflammation of the lower back muscles caused by a viral or bacterial infection;
12. Malignant tumors that occur or metastasize in the lower back;
13. Benign structures growing on or compressing nerve fibers;
14. Spinal epidural abscess.Purulent inflammation of spinal spaces;
15. Abdominal or pelvic adhesions after surgery.This is the proliferation of connective tissue during postoperative wound healing.For example, adhesions between the intestines and organs or the abdominal wall after laparotomy;
16. Hypothermia, stress, malnutrition, injury;
17. due to other illnesses.

"Improper posture is the leading cause of low back pain in children."

Types of lower back pain

Pain is the body's mental and physiological response to severe stimulation of nerve nodes in organs and tissues.Pain is the most common reason patients go to the hospital and is often the first sign and warning of illness.Pain is a signal of damage that helps trigger the body's protective mechanisms (for example, when a nerve is pinched, muscles spasm to limit mobility in the affected part of the body) and compensatory mechanisms (for example, fibrosis in the final stages of osteochondrosis).There are many different classifications of pain.

Depending on the location of sensation, we can divide the causes of low back pain into two types: primary and secondary (reflex, projection).In the first case, the pain is caused by damage to the musculoskeletal system due to degenerative changes (such as osteochondrosis) or trauma.In the second case, it is caused by pathologies that are not directly related to the lumbar spine and muscles (for example, cholecystitis radiating to the lower back), so it can be very diverse.

The nature of pain is persistent (otherwise chronic) and periodic (otherwise acute).The first type is associated with circulatory disorders, neurological damage or irreversible processes of damage to the musculoskeletal system.Generally, eliminating the source of persistent pain is complicated or impossible.The second category includes acute organ diseases, injuries and individual physiological characteristics of the body.Cyclic pain disappears when its cause is eliminated.

Referred pain is when the sensation is inconsistent with the true source of the pain (original source, site of injury).For example, when a nerve root is compressed in the lumbosacral spine, the pain that radiates into the leg is called projection pain.After damage to internal organs, pain occurs, called referred pain, which is located in specific dermatomes coinciding with the Zakharyin-Ged zone.

Depending on the localization, pain can be superficial (skin damage), deep (musculoskeletal system and tissue disturbances), visceral (injury to internal organs).

Depending on the nerves affected, the pain may be neuropathic when peripheral nerves are damaged or central when the central nervous system is damaged.

Disease characterized by chronic low back pain

Here they are:

1. Lumbosacral intervertebral osteochondrosis is one of the most common causes of low back pain.It is a complex disease that involves inflammation and tissue destruction, and compression of nerves and blood vessels.Have a wide range of symptoms;
2. Low back pain.A sharp pain in my lower back.In most cases, this is the result of osteochondrosis and its complication - disc herniation.Therefore, the treatments are similar;
3. Osteoporosis.A chronic progressive metabolic disease of bone in which density decreases and fragility increases.In other words, the bones become thinner.It is the leading cause of hip fractures in older adults.The disease deforms bones, joints and cartilage.Typically for menopausal women.Osteoporosis risk assessment: Anyone who has had a minor force fracture (e.g., vertebrae, hip) should be evaluated;
4. Scoliosis.Curvature of the spine, leading to shoulder asymmetry, poor posture, impaired skeletal movement, and ribs protruding to the left or right;
5. Rheumatoid arthritis.Women are more susceptible to this disease.It occurs most often during menopause.It is a systemic, chronic disease involving a degenerative dystrophic process of muscles, ligaments, and cartilage.The cause of the disease is an autoimmune process;
6. Ankylosing spondylitis or ankylosing spondylitis.A disease in which joint mobility is gradually lost.More common in men.This is chronic inflammation of the joints, leading to fibrosis—the proliferation of connective tissue.Mainly distributed in the spine.It is associated with pain, eye damage, and growth retardation.Leading to complete loss of joint mobility;
7. Spondylosis.A chronic disease of the spine characterized by changes in the fibrous tissue of the intervertebral spaces and the formation of spinal bone growth (spinal osteophytes or osteophytes) on both sides of the vertebrae.More commonly a result of old age;
8. Venous thrombosis.Partial or complete blockage of deep veins in the legs due to blood clots.It results from the simultaneous combination of three factors: vessel wall pathology, and thickening and slowing of blood flow.Wearing high heels for long periods of time increases the risk of getting sick.Venous thrombosis is extremely dangerous because it is virtually asymptomatic until the severe stage.
9. Thrombophlebitis.Veins become diseased due to inflammation and form thrombi, causing partial or complete cessation of blood circulation in the superficial veins.Most commonly, this disease is the result of varicose veins.Venous thrombosis may be a further development of this disease;
10. Atherosclerosis.Slowing or stopping blood flow in blood vessels due to cholesterol plaque.This disease is common in older men.
11. osteomyelitis.The process of purulent necrosis of bones, bone marrow, and surrounding tissues.The cause is bacterial infection.A few days later, the patient's condition worsened.Requires immediate treatment;
12. Leg lengths vary.more than 3 cm.This disease occurs due to muscle atrophy in one of the legs.

These diseases and many others are the cause of persistent pain in the lower back.All of these require urgent and serious treatment.However, it is usually symptomatic and its purpose is to slow further progression of the disease.

What to do if you have lower back pain

"If you have periodic pain in your lower back, this is a sign that it should be taken seriously and urgently checked out."

If pain occurs suddenly and has no known cause, your temperature should be taken and symptoms recorded.Such as vomiting, diarrhea, tongue coating, nature and location of pain, etc.Lie on a hard bed or carpet with thick pillows under your knees, head and torso.If the pain doesn't subside for a long time, see your doctor.And no matter what, get checked.

For cases where the cause of pain is known.For example, for lower back bruises or sprains, NSAIDs (tablets or better yet ointments) may be used as first aid.You can take a diuretic to reduce swelling and wrap your lower back with an orthotic band or towel to limit movement.

Exercises to help relieve pain:

1. Relax.Lie down on the carpet.Place a thick pillow under your torso and head, and a low stool or bedside table under your knees.Complete relaxation.This will help the body adopt the most natural spinal position;
2. Smoothly stretches the lumbosacral area.Gently and carefully lie down on the table with your stomach on the table and your hands on top to minimize the pressure on your back to bend.You can also tighten your abdominal muscles.Position yourself so that the basin is at the very edge of the table.In other words, lie down close to the table until your butt touches the table.Completely relax the muscles in your back, hips and legs.Half of the body hangs on the table in a relaxed state.In this state, take deep diaphragmatic (abdominal) breathing and hold your breath for 3-5 seconds, then exhale slowly.Do this for 7-10 breaths.Then carefully stand up, using your hands and abdominal muscles to help yourself and minimizing tension in your lower back.You can repeat the exercise several times;
3. Unloading of the lumbosacral area.Get on all fours.Hands shoulder-width apart and vertical.Legs wider than shoulders.The back should remain in a natural position and should not be arched or arched.In this position, inhale deeply and exhale as far as you can, imagining how your belly button stretches toward your spine.At the end of the exhale, hold for 2-3 seconds while tightening the muscles in your buttocks and crotch, but not your lower back!Then relax.Perform 7-10 breaths and 2-3 sets of this exercise;

What not to do if you have lower back pain:

• warm up.This can increase inflammation and worsen the condition;
• Taking painkillers without a clear diagnosis.Pain is the body's defense mechanism.There may be no pain, but that doesn't mean the degenerative changes have stopped;
• Setting your own bones, or even seeing a chiropractor, eliminates the need for examination and diagnosis.Frequent adjustments to the vertebrae can further damage the spine.Vertebral displacement does not always occur as a result of an injury.For example, in the case of advanced osteochondrosis.

"You need to treat the underlying disease first, and the symptoms second."

Determining the cause of this common symptom of low back pain may require extensive testing and consultation with a variety of medical specialists: neurologists, chiropractors, gynecologists, and others.If you're not sure which specialist to see, you can talk to a therapist.The most common inspection procedures are as follows:

1. Consider the patient's chief complaint, check joint mobility, and assess the degree of degenerative changes;
2. General analysis of urine and blood;
3. Blood biochemistry tests;
4. Lumbar spine X-ray examination;
5. Ultrasound examination of the heart and abdominal organs;
6. Doppler ultrasound – checks blood vessels;
7. CT or MRI.

Low back pain treatment

Treatment depends on diagnosis, as there is no one cure for all diseases.This article lists just some of the common names of medications commonly used to treat low back pain.However, it is strongly recommended not to self-medicate and to take any medication after consulting your doctor.

Medication treatments for low back pain are designed to relieve inflammation and pain.For this, the following types of drugs are used:

1. NSAIDs;
2. Muscle relaxants;
3. Narcotic analgesics;
4. corticosteroids;
5. blockade;
6. Minerals and vitamins.

Some of the best ways to relieve pain are ointments, creams, and gels:

• NSAIDs;
• Ointment containing diclofenac;
• combination medication;
• anti-inflammatory ointments;
• Medicinal patches.

Symptomatic treatment is used only to treat incurable disease.Modern medicine takes a comprehensive approach to treating low back pain.NSAIDs have added vitamins B1, B6, and B12.The use of high therapeutic doses of B vitamins has been shown to enhance the effects of NSAIDs by improving neurological tissue recovery.Therefore, the best supplement to NSAIDs is a combination vitamin medication.Therefore, to combat pain most effectively, treatment with this drug begins with daily injections for 7-10 days.In addition, physical therapy, exercise therapy, massage, etc. are also added.This results in the most effective and long-term treatment.

prevention

Here are some ways to prevent low back pain:

• Perform regular physical exercise to keep your body in good shape and develop your muscular frame.If exercise is not possible, therapeutic exercise for 15 minutes 2-3 times a day will help avoid illness;
• Pay attention to your posture;
• Reduce stress and eat more fruits and vegetables.Strong immunity can prevent many diseases;
• A properly balanced diet containing essential minerals and vitamins;
• Annual preventive exams with a doctor are the best preventive measure for early detection of disease;
• Supports water and salt balance.The human body requires 1.5 to 4 liters of water per day, depending on body weight, weather and activity.